Type fosm pbojectob



E. J. FREUND May26, 1931.

TYPE FORM PROJECTOR Filed Aug. 20, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l 713:5, M MInventor By w Atiorney May 26, 1931. E. J. FREUND TYPE FORM PROJECTOR 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 20, 1928 Allorncy Patented May 26, 1931 PATENTOFFICE EDMUNDJ. FREUND, OF V.ALPARAISO, INDIANA TYPE F6315 PROJECTORApplication filed August20, 1928.

My invention relates to improvements in type form projector and it moreespecially consists of the features pointed out in the annexed claim.

The purpose of my invention is to provide optical means that will enablethe persons who makeup printing forms consisting in the mam of llnotypeslugs, monotype composition or individual type matter to read the samein normal relation, left to right while the type is in galley shape orin the chases; that by reason of the normal visualization the correctingof proofs willbe facilitated, repetltlve errors avoided and the generalefficiency of'type composition improved; that may utilize any desiredcombinations of mirrors, prisms, lenses and illumination which Wlllproject thetype matter into position Clirectly in front of the printer,visible direct- 'ly on the reflecting surface or on a translucentsurface such as a ground glass etc; and that provides a self-containedunitary structure which may be quiteportable and ad ustable to serve allthe matter in a given form without recourse to separate and unrelatedillumination.

With-these and other ends in view I illustrate inthe accompanyingdrawings such instances of adaptation as will disclose the broadfeatures of my invention Without limiting myself to the specific detailsshown thereon or described herein.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of a projector.

Fig. 2 is. a. diagrammatic elevation show ing an inverted galleyprojected normally.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic elevation similar to Fig. 1 showing a gailey innormal position and a normal projection through optical reversing means.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic elevation of a modified projector having aground glass.

Fig. 5 is also a diagrammatic elevation of a projector provided with aneye piece.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a lens and lamp supportingmeans.

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of Fig. 6.

In carrying my invention into practice I may use whatever expedients oralternatives or equivalents of construction that the vari- Serial No.300,697.

able conditions of actual use may require without'departing from thebroad spirit of my invention.

upper end of the pedestal a swinging arm a is placed. The outer end ofthe arm l'supports a swinging arm 5. This latter arm serves to hold allthe projector parts'in op erating' relation under frictionof spring 25.The projector elements may be varied as desired. A reflector frame 6 maycomprise an optically plane mirror 26; an ordinary reflecting prism 27or a well known Porro erecting prism, not shown, and as required thecooperating accessories may be a single lens placed above the reversingplane, between the type form 1 and the reflecting surface or a pair ofreversing lenses 10, or a condensing lens 19, apair of reversing lenses1-7, a ground glass 16. an eye piece 18, and a lamp 12.

- The reflecting means whether one form or another may havea suitableholding frame 6 which'has projections 7, between which the outer end ofthe arm 5 is positioned. These projections have a depending stem 8 whichforms a pivot for'the arm 5. It also forms a support for the'adjustablelens holders 9 and the 'lamp 12 andits shade 13 which are held by rodllon the stem Sin an-adjustable manner by means of the head 14 or auniversaljoint 28 on the rod 11.

The frame 6 for the reflector mayhave a boss'21extending fromitstop inwhich the rod 15is held adj ustably. This rod may hold a ground glass16,or an eyepiece 18 or the reversing lenses 17 as may be required. InFigure2the several linesof a galley 22 are shown in plan View alongsideits elevation with the lines inverted. In the samefigure the image ofthese lines is shown diagrammatically at 23 beneath the eyeof anobserver. In Fig. 3 the lines 22 are reversedbut they read normally fromthe top downwardand their image 23 is shown as in Fig. 2. Fig 5 shows acondensing lens 19 and a convex lenslO between thetypeform 1 and themiri so i 5 illustrates the use of'an eye piece 18, re-

versing lenses 17 adj ustably supportedon the stem or rod 15 in front ofa prism 26 in connection with a magnifying lens 10. The

mirror 26 above a pair of reversing lenses 10.

or a reversing lens 10 and condenser 19 and a magnifying lens in frontof the mirror are shown 1n Fig. 6. The lamp 12 is supplied with currentthrough a. cord 20 which may be supported by eyes 24 placed above theupper projection 7, the pivot of the arms l and 5 and the top of thehollow pedestal 3, through which it may pass downward to a suitableattachable and detachable terminal.

The operation of my device is simplicity itself. A. comparison of Figs.2 and 3 shows that an ordinary reflector would con'ipel the makeup-manvto work with the form inverted. This would introduce more or lessconfusion. If the form, in the case of Fig. 2, should not be inverted.the reversed characters of the type would appear in the image projectedfrom the reflecting means, inverted and still reversed. The expedientinstanced in Fig. 3 or any alternatives or substitutes thereof willpresent a normal form with its usual reversed characters, as an imagereading normally from left to right and top to bottom.

My invention will eliminate the very frequent recurrence of errorsmakeup through having to translate an erect and unreversed proof into anerect and reversedgroup of letters, lines, etc. With my device it isjust as easy for a mere novice to correctly read the composition ofassociated type matter as the most expert printer. It is a notable factthat in the hurry and bustle of getting out a daily or any other paper,the last corrections" and changes result in transposed letters, shiftedslugs, etc., etc., which, because of the abnormal image presented to theoperator, he is unable'to visualize things as they will appear on thefinally printed page without doing ment-a-l acrobatics in reversing thetype face outlines. By means of my invention the operof'the form withoutthe necessity of taking a first proof. Galleys can be similarly proofread. Even if an ordinary proof is used, the corrections can be moreeasily made with my device because, as already stated, ther is nonecessity for mentally reversing the type mat- I ter, thusinsuringgreater speed and accuracy as well as shortening the time forgetting type matter in shape for final printing.

Should it be found desirable for the operator to correct theform bylooking down onto it this may be done simply by using an ordinary prism,like 27 with its long silvered surface positioned vertically and facingtoward the left hand edge of the form and its two clear surfaces forminga 90 degree angle to each other standing so that these surfaces facetoward the righthand edge of the form. In this event the holder fortheprism would be modified so that the long or diagonal face shown in Fig.5 would stand parallel to the stem 8, without the attachments 17 and 18on the rod 15 being used.

What I claim is:

In a device of the character described an optical reverser adaptable forthe direct reading from left to right of any'portion of a form of typethat presents its letters re.-

versed from right to left, which device is al- 7 ways assoc ated with aform of prmters type and it comprises a standard or support positionedadjacent the group of type, a swinging arm'comprising a plurality ofpivoted members the free end of one member being pivotally connected tothe support and the free end of a pivotally connected member beinginstantlymovable above everyportion of the type form on a'horizontalplane,the reverser supported at the free end of the latter" member, anda source of illumination also supported by the freeend of said-memberadapted to illuminate the type. r In testimony whereof I afix1nysignature.

EDMUND J. FREUND.

ator not alone sees the type matter normally again lock up the chase fordirect printing or stereotyping etc. WVith my invention it is I easy tonormally read from the type material

